Descent
In the epic saga of divine and mortal intertwining, Mahalalel’s union with Dinah ignites a fateful sequence of events. The celestial sons of God, captivated by the beauty of human daughters, descend to earth, taking them as wives and birthing a lineage of giants. These giants, towering at 3,000 ells, ravage the earth, consuming all in their path and plunging the world into chaos. Azazel and his rebellious brethren teach humanity forbidden knowledge, from weapons of war to dark enchantments, leading to a world steeped in sin and violence. The earth itself cries out against these lawless ones, as every heart is consumed by wickedness.
As the world teeters on the brink of ruin, Lamech’s lineage provides a glimmer of continuity amidst the chaos. While his wives Adah and Zillah face the consequences of humanity’s transgressions, their children, Jabal and Jubal, lay the foundations for nomadic life and music. In this era of turmoil, Jared and Baraka’s union brings forth Enoch, whose soul becomes enshrouded in divine wisdom. Withdrawing from the corrupt world, Enoch’s sacred isolation heralds a new chapter, offering a beacon of hope. His communion with the divine signifies a profound resolution, hinting at the promise of redemption and the return to righteousness, concluding the tumultuous saga with the whisper of a new dawn.
Major Characters
Minor Characters
Insignificant Characters
GENESIS
16%
ENOCH
30%
JASHER
22%
JUBILEES
7%
Exposition
J: 10 | Y: 449-455 | Mahalaleel (Seth’s line) marries Dinah
Jubilees 4:15a
Y: 460-465 | The angels conspire to marry the daughters of men
Genesis 6:1-2, Enoch 6:1-3a, Jubilees 5:1a
Rising Action
The oath of the angels
Enoch 6:3b-8, 64:1-2
Y: 460 | Jared (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:15, Jasher 2:37a, Jubilees 4:15b
The angels teach secret knowledge to women
Enoch 7:1-2
Climax
Y: 461 | Giants are born
Genesis 6:4, Enoch 7:3, Jubilees 5:1b
Y: 470 | Lamech (Cain’s line) is born
Genesis 4:18d
J: 11 | Y: 491 | Giants devour mankind and sin against animals
Enoch 7:4-6
The angels teach secret knowledge to men
Enoch 8:1-3, 69:2-12
Lawlessness abounds on earth
Jasher 4:16-18, Jubilees 5:2
Falling Action
Y: 505 | Lamech (Cain’s line) marries Adah and Zillah
Genesis 4:19, Jasher 2:17a
Jabal and Jubal born
Genesis 4:20-21, Jasher 2:17b-18
Some women become barren
Jasher 2:19-22
J: 13 | Y: 612-618 | Jared (Seth’s line) marries Baraka
Jubilees 4:16a
Y: 622 | Enoch (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:18, Jasher 2:37b, Jubilees 4:16b
Resolution
J: 14 | Y: 662 | Enoch separates himself from others
Jasher 3:2
Jubilee: 10
Year: 449-455
Mahalaleel (Seth's line) marries Dinah
Jubilees 4:15a
15a And in the second week of the tenth jubilee [449-55 A.M.] Mahalalel took unto him to wife Dinah, the daughter of Barakiel the daughter of his father’s brother,
Year: 460-465
The angels conspire to marry the daughters of men
Genesis 6:1-2
1 And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them,
2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose.
Enoch 6:1-3a
1 And it came to pass when the children of men had multiplied that in those days were born unto
2 them beautiful and comely daughters. And the angels, the children of the heaven, saw and lusted after them, and said to one another: ‘Come, let us choose us wives from among the children of men
3a and beget us children.’
Jubilees 5:1a
1a And it came to pass when the children of men began to multiply on the face of the earth and daughters were born unto them, that the angels of God saw them on a certain year of this jubilee, that they were beautiful to look upon;
The oath of the 200 angels
Enoch 64:1-2
1 And other forms I saw hidden in that place.
2 I heard the voice of the angel saying: ‘These are the angels who descended to the earth, and revealed what was hidden to the children of men and seduced the children of men into committing sin.’
Enoch 6:3b-8
3b And Semjaza, who was their leader, said unto them: ‘I fear ye will not
4 indeed agree to do this deed, and I alone shall have to pay the penalty of a great sin.’ And they all answered him and said: ‘Let us all swear an oath, and all bind ourselves by mutual imprecations
5 not to abandon this plan but to do this thing.’ Then sware they all together and bound themselves
6 by mutual imprecations upon it. And they were in all two hundred; who descended in the days of Jared on the summit of Mount Hermon, and they called it Mount Hermon, because they had sworn
7 and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it. And these are the names of their leaders: Samlazaz, their leader, Araklba, Rameel, Kokablel, Tamlel, Ramlel, Danel, Ezeqeel, Baraqijal,
8 Asael, Armaros, Batarel, Ananel, Zaqel, Samsapeel, Satarel, Turel, Jomjael, Sariel. These are their chiefs of tens.
Year: 460
Jared (Seth's line) is bornii.
Genesis 5:15
15 And Mahalaleel lived sixty and five years, and begat Jared:
Jasher 2:37a
37a And Mahlallel the son of Cainan lived sixty-five years and he begat Jared;
Jubilees 4:15b
15b and she bare him a son in the third week in the sixth year, [461 A.M.] and he called his name Jared, for in his days the angels of the Lord descended on the earth, those who are named the Watchers, that they should instruct the children of men, and that they should do judgment and uprightness on the earth.
The angels teach secret knowledge to women
Enoch 7:1-2
1 And all the others together with them took unto themselves wives, and each chose for himself one, and they began to go in unto them and to defile themselves with them, and they taught them charms
2 and enchantments, and the cutting of roots, and made them acquainted with plants.
Year: 461
Giants are born
Genesis 6:4
4 The Nephilim were on the earth in those days—and also afterward—when the sons of God went to the daughters of humans and had children by them. They were the heroes of old, men of renown.
Enoch 7:3
And they
3 became pregnant, and they bare great giants, whose height was three thousand ells:
Jubilees 5:1b
1b and they took themselves wives of all whom they chose, and they bare unto them sons and they were giants.
Year: 470
Lamech (Cain's line) is borniii
Genesis 4:18d
18d and Methusael begat Lamech.
Jubilee: 11
Year: 491
Giants devour mankind and sin against animalsiv
Enoch 7:4-6
Who consumed
4 all the acquisitions of men. And when men could no longer sustain them, the giants turned against
5 them and devoured mankind. And they began to sin against birds, and beasts, and reptiles, and
6 fish, and to devour one another’s flesh, and drink the blood. Then the earth laid accusation against the lawless ones.
The angels teach secret knowledge to men
Enoch 8:1-3
1 And Azazel taught men to make swords, and knives, and shields, and breastplates, and made known to them the metals of the earth and the art of working them, and bracelets, and ornaments, and the use of antimony, and the beautifying of the eyelids, and all kinds of costly stones, and all
2 colouring tinctures. And there arose much godlessness, and they committed fornication, and they
3 were led astray, and became corrupt in all their ways. Semjaza taught enchantments, and root-cuttings, ‘Armaros the resolving of enchantments, Baraqijal (taught) astrology, Kokabel the constellations, Ezeqeel the knowledge of the clouds, Araqiel the signs of the earth, Shamsiel the signs of the sun, and Sariel the course of the moon. And as men perished, they cried, and their cry went up to heaven . . .
Enoch 69:2-12
2 And behold the names of those angels [and these are their names: the first of them is Samjâzâ, the second Artâqîfâ, and the third Armên, the fourth Kôkabêl, the fifth †Tûrâêl†, the sixth Rûmjâl, the seventh Dânjâl, the eighth †Nêqâêl†, the ninth Barâqêl, the tenth Azâzêl, the eleventh Armârôs, the twelfth Batarjâl, the thirteenth †Busasêjal†, the fourteenth Hanânêl, the fifteenth †Tûrêl†, and the sixteenth Sîmâpêsîêl, the seventeenth Jetrêl, the eighteenth Tûmâêl, the nineteenth Tûrêl, the twentieth †Rumâêl†, the twenty-first †Azâzêl†.
3 And these are the chiefs of their angels and their names, and their chief ones over hundreds and over fifties and over tens].
4 The name of the first Jeqôn: that is, the one who led astray ⌈all⌉ the sons of God, and brought them down to the earth, and led them astray through the daughters of men.
5 And the second was named Asbeêl: he imparted to the holy sons of God evil counsel, and led them astray so that they defiled their bodies with the daughters of men.
6 And the third was named Gâdreêl: he it is who showed the children of men all the blows of death, and he led astray Eve, and showed ⌈the weapons of death to the sons of men⌉ the shield and the coat of mail, and the sword for battle, and all the weapons of death to the children of men.
7 And from his hand they have proceeded against those who dwell on the earth from that day and for evermore.
8 And the fourth was named Pênêmûe: he taught the children of men the bitter and the sweet, and he taught them all the secrets of their wisdom.
9 And he instructed mankind in writing with ink and paper, and thereby many sinned from eternity to eternity and until this day.
10 For men were not created for such a purpose, to give confirmation to their good faith with pen and ink.
11 For men were created exactly like the angels, to the intent that they should continue pure and righteous, and death, which destroys everything, could not have taken hold of them, but through this their knowledge they are perishing, and through this power it is consuming me†.
12 And the fifth was named Kâsdejâ: this is he who showed the children of men all the wicked smitings of spirits and demons, and the smitings of the embryo in the womb, that it may pass away, and [the smitings of the soul] the bites of the serpent, and the smitings which befall through the noontide heat, the son of the serpent named Tabââ‘ĕt.
Lawlessness abounds on the earth
Jasher 4:16-18
16 And all the sons of men departed from the ways of the Lord in those days as they multiplied upon the face of the earth with sons and daughters, and they taught one another their evil practices and they continued sinning against the Lord.
17 And every man made unto himself a god, and they robbed and plundered every man his neighbor as well as his relative, and they corrupted the earth, and the earth was filled with violence.
18 And their judges and rulers went to the daughters of men and took their wives by force from their husbands according to their choice, and the sons of men in those days took from the cattle of the earth, the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air, and taught the mixture of animals of one species with the other, in order therewith to provoke the Lord; and God saw the whole earth and it was corrupt, for all flesh had corrupted its ways upon earth, all men and all animals.
Jubilees 5:2
2 And lawlessness increased on the earth and all flesh corrupted its way, alike men and cattle and beasts and birds and everything that walks on the earth -all of them corrupted their ways and their orders, and they began to devour each other, and lawlessness increased on the earth and every imagination of the thoughts of all men (was) thus evil continually.
Year: 505
Lamech (Cain's line) marries Adah and Zillahv
Genesis 4:19
19 And Lamech took unto him two wives: the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zillah.
Jasher 2:17a
17a And Lamech, the son of Methusael, became related to Cainan by marriage, and he took his two daughters for his wives,
Jabal and Jubal born
Genesis 4:20-21
20 And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle.
21 And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
Jasher 2:17b-18
17b and Adah conceived and bare a son to Lamech, and she called his name Jabal.
18 And she again conceived and bare a son, and called his name Jubal; and Zillah, her sister, was barren in those days and had no offspring.
Some women become barren
Jasher 2:19-22
19 For in those days the sons of men began to trespass against God, and to transgress the commandments which he had commanded to Adam, to be fruitful and multiply in the earth.
20 And some of the sons of men caused their wives to drink a draught that would render them barren, in order that they might retain their figures and whereby their beautiful appearance might not fade.
21 And when the sons of men caused some of their wives to drink, Zillah drank with them.
22 And the child-bearing women appeared abominable in the sight of their husbands as widows, whilst their husbands lived, for to the barren ones only they were attached.
Jubilee: 13
Year: 612-618
Jared (Seth's line) marries Barakavi
Jubilees 4:16a
16a And in the eleventh jubilee [512-18 A.M.] Jared took to himself a wife, and her name was Baraka, the daughter of Râsûjâl, a daughter of his father’s brother, in the fourth week of this jubilee,
Year: 622
Enoch (Seth's line) is bornvii
Genesis 5:18
18 And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat Enoch:
Jasher 2:37b
37b and Jared lived sixty-two years and he begat Enoch.
Jubilees 4:16b
16b [522 A.M.] and she bare him a son in the fifth week, in the fourth year of the jubilee, and he called his name Enoch.
Jubilee: 14
Year: 662
Enoch separates himself from othersviii
Jasher 3:2
2 And the soul of Enoch was wrapped up in the instruction of the Lord, in knowledge and in understanding; and he wisely retired from the sons of men, and secreted himself from them for many days.
i. The years 460-461 are calculated as the year the angels descended on Mount Hermon based on Enoch 6:6 which state that they ‘descended in the days of Jared’ and Jubilees 4:15b which state that ‘he called his name Jared, for in his days the angels of the Lord descended on the earth’.
ii. Jubilees 4:15 states that Jared was born in 461 but Genesis 5:15 and Jasher 2:37 state that Jared was born when Mahalaleel was 65 which was in year 460.
iii. The year of Lamech’s birth is unknown. The year 470 is calculated by the downward trend of years men were born since Cain. This places Lamech being born 49 years after his father was born which is the 5th week of the 10th jubilee.
iv. The year 491 was calculated based on it being about 30 years after the giants were born and it’s also the 1st week of the 11th jubilee.
v. The year 505 is calculated based on the assumption that Lamech marries Adah and Zillah 35 years after he was born. This places the marriage during the beginning of the 3rd week of the 11th jubilee.
vi. This is where the discrepancy of years begins. Remember, the author of Jubilees is trying to divide the history of the world from creation to Joshua into exactly 50 jubilees. This was his first reduction in time to accommodate this.
vii. Though both Jasher 2:37b and Jubilees 4:16b state that it was 62 years, it seems like the account in Genesis is more accurate.
viii. Enoch separated himself from others sometime early in his life. I placed it when he turned 40. An alternative view is that this seclusion event occurred at the end of his life in Jasher 3:17.
Exposition
J: 10 | Y: 449-455 | Mahalaleel (Seth’s line) marries Dinah
Jubilees 4:15a
And in the 2nd week of the 10th jubilee Mahalalel took to him to wife Dinah, the daughter of Barakiel the daughter of his father’s brother.
Y: 460-465 | The angels conspire to marry the daughters of men
Genesis 6:1-2, Enoch 6:1-3a, Jubilees 5:1a
When men began to multiply on the face of the earth and daughters were born to them, the sons of God, or angels, saw that these daughters were fair and beautiful. They took them as wives, choosing from among them and lusting after them, begetting children with them. It is said that in a certain year of this jubilee, the angels of God saw the daughters of men and were mesmerized by their beauty. They then decided to take wives from among the children of men and father children with them.
Rising Action
The oath of the angels
Enoch 6:3b-8, 64:1-2
And other forms I saw hidden in that place. I heard the voice of the angel saying: ‘These are the angels who descended to the earth, and revealed what was hidden from the children of men and seduced the children of men into committing sin.”
Semjaza, who was their leader, said to them, “I fear that you will not indeed agree to do this deed, and I alone shall have to pay the penalty of a great sin.”
They all answered him and said, “Let us all swear an oath and bind ourselves by mutual imprecations not to abandon this plan but to carry out this task.”
So they all swore together and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it. There were in total 200 who descended in the days of Jared on the summit of Mount Hermon, and they called it Mount Hermon because they had sworn and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it.
These are the names of their leaders: Samlazaz their leader, Araklba, Rameel, Kokablel, Tamlel, Ramlel, Danel, Ezeqeel, Baraqijal, Asael, Armaros, Batarel, Ananel, Zaqel, Samsapeel, Satarel, Turel, Jomjael, Sariel. These are their chiefs of tens.
Y: 460 | Jared (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:15, Jasher 2:37a, Jubilees 4:15b
Mahalaleel, son of Cainan, lived for 65 years and during that time he begat Jared. It was during this time that the angels of the Lord, also known as the Watchers, descended to earth. They were tasked with instructing the children of men to do judgment and uprightness on the earth.
The angels teach secret knowledge to women
Enoch 7:1-2
And all the others together with them took unto themselves wives, and each chose for himself one, and they began to go in to them and to defile themselves with them, and they taught them charms and enchantments, and the cutting of roots, and made them acquainted with plants.
Climax
Y: 461 | Giants are born
Genesis 6:4, Enoch 7:3, Jubilees 5:1b
In those days and even after, the sons of God came in to the daughters of men and they bore children, who became mighty men of old, renowned for their strength. These women became pregnant and gave birth to great giants, towering at a height of 3,000 ells.
Y: 470 | Lamech (Cain’s line) is born
Genesis 4:18d
And Methusael begat Lamech.
J: 11 | Y: 491 | Giants devour mankind and sin against animals
Enoch 7:4-6
The giants consumed all the acquisitions of men. And when men could no longer sustain them, the giants turned against them and devoured mankind. And they began to sin against birds, and beasts, and reptiles, and fish, and to devour one another’s flesh, and drink the blood. Then the earth laid accusations against the lawless ones.
The angels teach secret knowledge to men
Enoch 8:1-3, 69:2-12
And Azazel taught men to make swords, and knives, and shields, and breastplates, and made known to them the metals of the earth and the art of working them, and bracelets, and ornaments, and the use of antimony, and the beautifying of the eyelids, and all kinds of costly stones, and all coloring tinctures. And there arose much godlessness, and they committed fornication, and they were led astray, and became corrupt in all their ways. Semjaza taught enchantments and root-cuttings, ‘Armaros the resolving of enchantments, Baraqijal taught astrology, Kokabel the constellations, Ezeqeel the knowledge of the clouds, Araqiel the signs of the earth, Shamsiel the signs of the sun, and Sariel the course of the moon. And as men perished, they cried, and their cry went up to heaven
And behold, the names of those angels, and these are their names: the 1st of them is Samjâzâ, the 2nd Artâqîfâ, the 3rd Armên, the 4th Kôkabêl, the 5th Tûrâêl, the 6th Rûmjâl, the 7th Dânjâl, the 8th Nêqâêl, the 9th Barâqêl, the 10th Azâzêl, the 11th Armârôs, the 12th Batarjâl, the 13th Busasêjal, the 14th Hanânêl, the 15th Tûrêl, and the 16th Sîmâpêsîêl, the 17th Jetrêl, the 18th Tûmâêl, the 19th Tûrêl, the 20th Rumâêl, the 21st Azâzêl. These are the chiefs of their angels and their names, and their chief ones over hundreds and over fifties and over tens.
The name of the 1st Jeqôn: that is, the one who led astray all the sons of God, and brought them down to the earth, and led them astray through the daughters of men. And the 2nd was named Asbeêl: he imparted to the holy sons of God evil counsel, and led them astray so that they defiled their bodies with the daughters of men. And the 3rd was named Gâdreêl: he it is who showed the children of men all the blows of death, and he led astray Eve, and showed the weapons of death to the sons of men, the shield and the coat of mail, and the sword for battle, and all the weapons of death to the children of men. And from his hand they have proceeded against those who dwell on the earth from that day and forevermore.
And the 4th was named Pênêmûe: he taught the children of men the bitter and the sweet, and he taught them all the secrets of their wisdom. And he instructed mankind in writing with ink and paper, and thereby many sinned from eternity to eternity and until this day. For men were not created for such a purpose, to give confirmation to their good faith with pen and ink. For men were created exactly like the angels, to the intent that they should continue pure and righteous, and death, which destroys everything, could not have taken hold of them, but through this their knowledge they are perishing, and through this power it is consuming me.
And the 5th was named Kâsdejâ: this is he who showed the children of men all the wicked smitings of spirits and demons, and the smitings of the embryo in the womb, that it may pass away, and the bites of the serpent, and the smitings which befall through the noontide heat, the son of the serpent named Tabââ‘ĕt.
Lawlessness abounds on earth
Jasher 4:16-18, Jubilees 5:2
As the sons of men multiplied on the earth with sons and daughters, they departed from the ways of the Lord and taught each other their evil practices. They made for themselves gods, and they robbed and plundered their neighbors and relatives, corrupting the earth with violence. Their judges and rulers took wives from the daughters of men by force, according to their own choice. Moreover, they taught the mixing of animals of different species to provoke the Lord. God saw that all flesh had corrupted its ways upon the earth, including men and animals. Lawlessness increased, and everything that walked on the earth, whether men, cattle, beasts, or birds, corrupted their ways and began to devour each other. Every thought and imagination of all men was continually evil, and lawlessness continued to increase on the earth.
Falling Action
Y: 505 | Lamech (Cain’s line) marries Adah and Zillah
Genesis 4:19, Jasher 2:17a
Lamech, the son of Methusael, took 2 wives, Adah and Zillah.
Jabal and Jubal born
Genesis 4:20-21, Jasher 2:17b-18
Adah gave birth to Jabal, who was the father of those who live in tents and raise cattle, and Jubal, who was the father of all who play the harp and organ. Zillah was barren and had no offspring.
Some women become barren
Jasher 2:19-22
For in those days, the sons of men began to trespass against God and to transgress the commandments which he had commanded to Adam, to be fruitful and multiply in the earth. And some of the sons of men caused their wives to drink a draught that would render them barren, so that they might retain their figures and whereby their beautiful appearance might not fade. And when the sons of men caused some of their wives to drink, Zillah drank with them. And the child-bearing women appeared abominable in the sight of their husbands as widows, while their husbands lived, for to the barren ones only they were attached.
J: 13 | Y: 612-618 | Jared (Seth’s line) marries Baraka
Jubilees 4:16a
And in the 11th jubilee Jared took to himself a wife, and her name was Baraka, the daughter of Râsûjâl, a daughter of his father’s brother, in the 4th week of this jubilee.
Y: 622 | Enoch (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:18, Jasher 2:37b, Jubilees 4:16b
After Jared lived for 162 years, he begat Enoch in the 5th week of the 4th year in this jubilee.
Resolution
J: 14 | Y: 662 | Enoch separates himself from others
Jasher 3:2
And the soul of Enoch was wrapped up in the instruction of the Lord, in knowledge and understanding; and he wisely retired from the sons of men, and secreted himself from them for many days.
This chart shows who was alive in the years 442-1029.
Years with question marks are estimates.