Descent
(2-minute read)
In the epic saga of divine and mortal intertwining, Mahalalel’s union with Dinah ignites a fateful sequence of events. The celestial sons of God, captivated by the beauty of human daughters, descend to earth, taking them as wives and birthing a lineage of giants. These giants, towering at 3,000 ells, ravage the earth, consuming all in their path and plunging the world into chaos. Azazel and his rebellious brethren teach humanity forbidden knowledge, from weapons of war to dark enchantments, leading to a world steeped in sin and violence. The earth itself cries out against these lawless ones, as every heart is consumed by wickedness.
As the world teeters on the brink of ruin, Lamech’s lineage provides a glimmer of continuity amidst the chaos. While his wives Adah and Zillah face the consequences of humanity’s transgressions, their children, Jabal and Jubal, lay the foundations for nomadic life and music. In this era of turmoil, Jared and Baraka’s union brings forth Enoch, whose soul becomes enshrouded in divine wisdom. Withdrawing from the corrupt world, Enoch’s sacred isolation heralds a new chapter, offering a beacon of hope. His communion with the divine signifies a profound resolution, hinting at the promise of redemption and the return to righteousness, concluding the tumultuous saga with the whisper of a new dawn.
Major Characters
Minor Characters
Insignificant Characters
GENESIS
16%
ENOCH
30%
JASHER
22%
JUBILEES
7%
Exposition
J: 10 | Y: 449-455 | Mahalaleel (Seth’s line) marries Dinah
Jubilees 4:15a
Y: 460-465 | The angels conspire to marry the daughters of men
Genesis 6:1-2, Enoch 6:1-3a, Jubilees 5:1a
Rising Action
The oath of the angels
Enoch 6:3b-8, 64:1-2
Y: 460 | Jared (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:15, Jasher 2:37a, Jubilees 4:15b
The angels teach secret knowledge to women
Enoch 7:1-2
Climax
Y: 461 | Giants are born
Genesis 6:4, Enoch 7:3, Jubilees 5:1b
Y: 470 | Lamech (Cain’s line) is born
Genesis 4:18d
J: 11 | Y: 491 | Giants devour mankind and sin against animals
Enoch 7:4-6
The angels teach secret knowledge to men
Enoch 8:1-3, 69:2-12
Lawlessness abounds on earth
Jasher 4:16-18, Jubilees 5:2
Falling Action
Y: 505 | Lamech (Cain’s line) marries Adah and Zillah
Genesis 4:19, Jasher 2:17a
Jabal and Jubal born
Genesis 4:20-21, Jasher 2:17b-18
Some women become barren
Jasher 2:19-22
J: 13 | Y: 612-618 | Jared (Seth’s line) marries Baraka
Jubilees 4:16a
Y: 622 | Enoch (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:18, Jasher 2:37b, Jubilees 4:16b
Resolution
J: 14 | Y: 662 | Enoch separates himself from others
Jasher 3:2
Jubilee: 10
Year: 449-455
Mahalaleel (Seth's line) marries Dinah
Jubilees 4:15a
15a And in the second week of the tenth jubilee [449-55 A.M.] Mahalalel took unto him to wife Dinah, the daughter of Barakiel the daughter of his father’s brother,
Year: 460-465
The angels conspire to marry the daughters of men
Genesis 6:1-2
1 And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them,
2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose.
Enoch 6:1-3a
1 And it came to pass when the children of men had multiplied that in those days were born unto
2 them beautiful and comely daughters. And the angels, the children of the heaven, saw and lusted after them, and said to one another: ‘Come, let us choose us wives from among the children of men
3a and beget us children.’
Jubilees 5:1a
1a And it came to pass when the children of men began to multiply on the face of the earth and daughters were born unto them, that the angels of God saw them on a certain year of this jubilee, that they were beautiful to look upon;
The oath of the 200 angels
Enoch 64:1-2
1 And other forms I saw hidden in that place.
2 I heard the voice of the angel saying: ‘These are the angels who descended to the earth, and revealed what was hidden to the children of men and seduced the children of men into committing sin.’
Enoch 6:3b-8
3b And Semjaza, who was their leader, said unto them: ‘I fear ye will not
4 indeed agree to do this deed, and I alone shall have to pay the penalty of a great sin.’ And they all answered him and said: ‘Let us all swear an oath, and all bind ourselves by mutual imprecations
5 not to abandon this plan but to do this thing.’ Then sware they all together and bound themselves
6 by mutual imprecations upon it. And they were in all two hundred; who descended in the days of Jared on the summit of Mount Hermon, and they called it Mount Hermon, because they had sworn
7 and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it. And these are the names of their leaders: Samlazaz, their leader, Araklba, Rameel, Kokablel, Tamlel, Ramlel, Danel, Ezeqeel, Baraqijal,
8 Asael, Armaros, Batarel, Ananel, Zaqel, Samsapeel, Satarel, Turel, Jomjael, Sariel. These are their chiefs of tens.
Year: 460
Jared (Seth's line) is bornii.
Genesis 5:15
15 And Mahalaleel lived sixty and five years, and begat Jared:
Jasher 2:37a
37a And Mahlallel the son of Cainan lived sixty-five years and he begat Jared;
Jubilees 4:15b
15b and she bare him a son in the third week in the sixth year, [461 A.M.] and he called his name Jared, for in his days the angels of the Lord descended on the earth, those who are named the Watchers, that they should instruct the children of men, and that they should do judgment and uprightness on the earth.
The angels teach secret knowledge to women
Enoch 7:1-2
1 And all the others together with them took unto themselves wives, and each chose for himself one, and they began to go in unto them and to defile themselves with them, and they taught them charms
2 and enchantments, and the cutting of roots, and made them acquainted with plants.
Year: 461
Giants are born
Genesis 6:4
4 There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown.
Enoch 7:3
And they
3 became pregnant, and they bare great giants, whose height was three thousand ells:
Jubilees 5:1b
1b and they took themselves wives of all whom they chose, and they bare unto them sons and they were giants.
Year: 470
Lamech (Cain's line) is borniii
Genesis 4:18d
18d and Methusael begat Lamech.
Jubilee: 11
Year: 491
Giants devour mankind and sin against animalsiv
Enoch 7:4-6
Who consumed
4 all the acquisitions of men. And when men could no longer sustain them, the giants turned against
5 them and devoured mankind. And they began to sin against birds, and beasts, and reptiles, and
6 fish, and to devour one another’s flesh, and drink the blood. Then the earth laid accusation against the lawless ones.
The angels teach secret knowledge to men
Enoch 8:1-3
1 And Azazel taught men to make swords, and knives, and shields, and breastplates, and made known to them the metals of the earth and the art of working them, and bracelets, and ornaments, and the use of antimony, and the beautifying of the eyelids, and all kinds of costly stones, and all
2 colouring tinctures. And there arose much godlessness, and they committed fornication, and they
3 were led astray, and became corrupt in all their ways. Semjaza taught enchantments, and root-cuttings, ‘Armaros the resolving of enchantments, Baraqijal (taught) astrology, Kokabel the constellations, Ezeqeel the knowledge of the clouds, Araqiel the signs of the earth, Shamsiel the signs of the sun, and Sariel the course of the moon. And as men perished, they cried, and their cry went up to heaven . . .
Enoch 69:2-12
2 And behold the names of those angels [and these are their names: the first of them is Samjâzâ, the second Artâqîfâ, and the third Armên, the fourth Kôkabêl, the fifth †Tûrâêl†, the sixth Rûmjâl, the seventh Dânjâl, the eighth †Nêqâêl†, the ninth Barâqêl, the tenth Azâzêl, the eleventh Armârôs, the twelfth Batarjâl, the thirteenth †Busasêjal†, the fourteenth Hanânêl, the fifteenth †Tûrêl†, and the sixteenth Sîmâpêsîêl, the seventeenth Jetrêl, the eighteenth Tûmâêl, the nineteenth Tûrêl, the twentieth †Rumâêl†, the twenty-first †Azâzêl†.
3 And these are the chiefs of their angels and their names, and their chief ones over hundreds and over fifties and over tens].
4 The name of the first Jeqôn: that is, the one who led astray ⌈all⌉ the sons of God, and brought them down to the earth, and led them astray through the daughters of men.
5 And the second was named Asbeêl: he imparted to the holy sons of God evil counsel, and led them astray so that they defiled their bodies with the daughters of men.
6 And the third was named Gâdreêl: he it is who showed the children of men all the blows of death, and he led astray Eve, and showed ⌈the weapons of death to the sons of men⌉ the shield and the coat of mail, and the sword for battle, and all the weapons of death to the children of men.
7 And from his hand they have proceeded against those who dwell on the earth from that day and for evermore.
8 And the fourth was named Pênêmûe: he taught the children of men the bitter and the sweet, and he taught them all the secrets of their wisdom.
9 And he instructed mankind in writing with ink and paper, and thereby many sinned from eternity to eternity and until this day.
10 For men were not created for such a purpose, to give confirmation to their good faith with pen and ink.
11 For men were created exactly like the angels, to the intent that they should continue pure and righteous, and death, which destroys everything, could not have taken hold of them, but through this their knowledge they are perishing, and through this power it is consuming me†.
12 And the fifth was named Kâsdejâ: this is he who showed the children of men all the wicked smitings of spirits and demons, and the smitings of the embryo in the womb, that it may pass away, and [the smitings of the soul] the bites of the serpent, and the smitings which befall through the noontide heat, the son of the serpent named Tabââ‘ĕt.
Lawlessness abounds on the earth
Jasher 4:16-18
16 And all the sons of men departed from the ways of the Lord in those days as they multiplied upon the face of the earth with sons and daughters, and they taught one another their evil practices and they continued sinning against the Lord.
17 And every man made unto himself a god, and they robbed and plundered every man his neighbor as well as his relative, and they corrupted the earth, and the earth was filled with violence.
18 And their judges and rulers went to the daughters of men and took their wives by force from their husbands according to their choice, and the sons of men in those days took from the cattle of the earth, the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air, and taught the mixture of animals of one species with the other, in order therewith to provoke the Lord; and God saw the whole earth and it was corrupt, for all flesh had corrupted its ways upon earth, all men and all animals.
Jubilees 5:2
2 And lawlessness increased on the earth and all flesh corrupted its way, alike men and cattle and beasts and birds and everything that walks on the earth -all of them corrupted their ways and their orders, and they began to devour each other, and lawlessness increased on the earth and every imagination of the thoughts of all men (was) thus evil continually.
Year: 505
Lamech (Cain's line) marries Adah and Zillahv
Genesis 4:19
19 And Lamech took unto him two wives: the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zillah.
Jasher 2:17a
17a And Lamech, the son of Methusael, became related to Cainan by marriage, and he took his two daughters for his wives,
Jabal and Jubal born
Genesis 4:20-21
20 And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle.
21 And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
Jasher 2:17b-18
17b and Adah conceived and bare a son to Lamech, and she called his name Jabal.
18 And she again conceived and bare a son, and called his name Jubal; and Zillah, her sister, was barren in those days and had no offspring.
Some women become barren
Jasher 2:19-22
19 For in those days the sons of men began to trespass against God, and to transgress the commandments which he had commanded to Adam, to be fruitful and multiply in the earth.
20 And some of the sons of men caused their wives to drink a draught that would render them barren, in order that they might retain their figures and whereby their beautiful appearance might not fade.
21 And when the sons of men caused some of their wives to drink, Zillah drank with them.
22 And the child-bearing women appeared abominable in the sight of their husbands as widows, whilst their husbands lived, for to the barren ones only they were attached.
Jubilee: 13
Year: 612-618
Jared (Seth's line) marries Barakavi
Jubilees 4:16a
16a And in the eleventh jubilee [512-18 A.M.] Jared took to himself a wife, and her name was Baraka, the daughter of Râsûjâl, a daughter of his father’s brother, in the fourth week of this jubilee,
Year: 622
Enoch (Seth's line) is bornvii
Genesis 5:18
18 And Jared lived an hundred sixty and two years, and he begat Enoch:
Jasher 2:37b
37b and Jared lived sixty-two years and he begat Enoch.
Jubilees 4:16b
16b [522 A.M.] and she bare him a son in the fifth week, in the fourth year of the jubilee, and he called his name Enoch.
Jubilee: 14
Year: 662
Enoch separates himself from othersviii
Jasher 3:2
2 And the soul of Enoch was wrapped up in the instruction of the Lord, in knowledge and in understanding; and he wisely retired from the sons of men, and secreted himself from them for many days.
i. The years 460-461 are calculated as the year the angels descended on Mount Hermon based on Enoch 6:6 which state that they ‘descended in the days of Jared’ and Jubilees 4:15b which state that ‘he called his name Jared, for in his days the angels of the Lord descended on the earth’.
ii. Jubilees 4:15 states that Jared was born in 461 but Genesis 5:15 and Jasher 2:37 state that Jared was born when Mahalaleel was 65 which was in year 460.
iii. The year of Lamech’s birth is unknown. The year 470 is calculated by the downward trend of years men were born since Cain. This places Lamech being born 49 years after his father was born which is the 5th week of the 10th jubilee.
iv. The year 491 was calculated based on it being about 30 years after the giants were born and it’s also the 1st week of the 11th jubilee.
v. The year 505 is calculated based on the assumption that Lamech marries Adah and Zillah 35 years after he was born. This places the marriage during the beginning of the 3rd week of the 11th jubilee.
vi. This is where the discrepancy of years begins. Remember, the author of Jubilees is trying to divide the history of the world from creation to Joshua into exactly 50 jubilees. This was his first reduction in time to accommodate this.
vii. Though both Jasher 2:37b and Jubilees 4:16b state that it was 62 years, it seems like the account in Genesis is more accurate.
viii. Enoch separated himself from others sometime early in his life. I placed it when he turned 40. An alternative view is that this seclusion event occurred at the end of his life in Jasher 3:17.
(13-minute read)
Exposition
J: 10 | Y: 449-455 | Mahalaleel (Seth’s line) marries Dinah
Jubilees 4:15a
During the 2nd week of the 10th jubilee, Mahalalel took Dinah as his wife. She was the daughter of Barakiel, who was the daughter of his father’s brother.
Y: 460-465 | The angels conspire to marry the daughters of men
Genesis 6:1-2, Enoch 6:1-3a, Jubilees 5:1a
As the human population increased, beautiful and attractive daughters were born to them. Around that time in this jubilee, the angels—the children of heaven—saw them and were filled with desire. They said to each other, “Come, let us choose wives from among the daughters of men and have children with them.”
Rising Action
The oath of the angels
Enoch 6:3b-8, 64:1-2
I saw other forms hidden in that place, and I heard the voice of an angel who said, “These are the angels who came down to earth, revealed hidden things to the children of men, and led them into sin.”
Semjaza, who was their leader, said, “I’m afraid you won’t go through with this, and I alone will bear the guilt of this great sin.”
But they all replied, “Let’s all swear an oath and bind ourselves with a mutual curse not to abandon this plan but to see it through.”
So they swore together and bound themselves with a mutual curse. There were 200 of them in total, and they descended in the days of Jared onto the summit of Mount Hermon. They called it Mount Hermon because it was there that they had sworn and bound themselves with that mutual curse.
These were the names of their leaders: Samlazaz their chief, Araklba, Rameel, Kokablel, Tamlel, Ramlel, Danel, Ezeqeel, Baraqijal, Asael, Armaros, Batarel, Ananel, Zaqel, Samsapeel, Satarel, Turel, Jomjael, and Sariel. These were the chiefs over groups of ten.
Y: 460 | Jared (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:15, Jasher 2:37a, Jubilees 4:15b
When Mahalalel was 65 years old, Dinah gave birth to a son in the 3rd week, in the 6th year, and he named him Jared. He was so named because during his lifetime the angels of the Lord, known as the Watchers, descended to earth to teach the children of men and to carry out justice and righteousness on the earth.
The angels teach secret knowledge to women
Enoch 7:1-2
All the angels took wives for themselves—each one choosing a woman—and they began to sleep with them and defile themselves. They taught the women charms and spells, the use of roots, and introduced them to various plants.
Climax
Y: 461 | Giants are born
Genesis 6:4, Enoch 7:3, Jubilees 5:1b
In those days, there were giants on the earth whose height reached 3,000 ells. They appeared even after that time, when the sons of God went in to the daughters of men and had children with them. These children became the mighty men of old, known for their greatness and renown.
Y: 470 | Lamech (Cain’s line) is born
Genesis 4:18d
Methusael became the father of Lamech.
J: 11 | Y: 491 | Giants devour mankind and sin against animals
Enoch 7:4-6
The giants consumed everything that people had. When humans could no longer provide for them, the giants turned on them and began devouring mankind. They also started to sin against birds, animals, reptiles, and fish. They ate each other’s flesh and drank blood. Then the earth brought charges against these lawless ones.
The angels teach secret knowledge to men
Enoch 8:1-3, 69:2-12
Azazel taught humans how to make swords, knives, shields, and breastplates. He revealed to them the metals of the earth and how to work them. He also taught them how to make bracelets, ornaments, the use of antimony, how to beautify their eyelids, how to work with precious stones, and how to create coloring dyes. As a result, lawlessness spread. People committed fornication, were led astray, and became corrupt in every way.
Semjaza taught enchantments and the cutting of roots. Armaros taught how to undo enchantments. Baraqijal taught astrology, Kokabel taught the knowledge of the constellations, Ezeqeel taught about clouds, Araqiel taught signs of the earth, Shamsiel taught the signs of the sun, and Sariel taught the movement of the moon. As people died, they cried out, and their cries reached heaven.
Here are the names of the angels and their ranks: the 1st was Samjaza, the 2nd Artaqifa, the 3rd Armen, the 4th Kokabel, the 5th Turael, the 6th Rumjal, the 7th Danjal, the 8th Neqael, the 9th Baraqel, the 10th Azazel, the 11th Armaros, the 12th Batarjal, the 13th Busasejal, the 14th Hananel, the 15th Turel, the 16th Sima-peseiel, the 17th Jetrel, the 18th Tumael, the 19th Turel, the 20th Rumael, and the 21st Azazel. These were their leaders, ranked over hundreds, fifties, and tens.
The name of the 1st was Jeqon—he was the one who led astray all the sons of God, bringing them down to earth and misleading them through the daughters of men. The 2nd was named Asbeel—he gave the holy sons of God evil advice, leading them to defile themselves with the daughters of men. The 3rd was Gadreel—he showed people all the ways of death. He misled Eve and taught humans about deadly weapons—shields, armor, and swords—and from his hand came all the weapons used in war against those living on earth, from that day forward.
The 4th was Penemue—he taught people about what is bitter and what is sweet, and revealed all the secrets of wisdom. He taught them to write using ink and paper, and because of this, many have sinned from the beginning until now. Humans weren’t created for this purpose: to confirm their faith using ink and paper. They were meant to remain pure and righteous like the angels, so that death—which destroys all things—would not have taken hold of them. But through this knowledge, they are perishing, and its power is consuming me as well.
The 5th was Kasdeja—he showed humans all the evil workings of spirits and demons, including how to harm unborn children in the womb, how to deal with snake bites, and the damage caused by midday heat, from the serpent’s offspring named Tabaet.
Lawlessness abounds on earth
Jasher 4:16-18, Jubilees 5:2
As people multiplied on the earth, they all turned away from the ways of the Lord. They began teaching each other evil practices, started to eat one another, and continued sinning against God. Every man made his own god. They robbed and looted not only their neighbors but also their own relatives. The earth became corrupt and filled with violence.
The judges and rulers began taking wives by force from their husbands, choosing whichever women they wanted from the daughters of men. People also began mixing animals of different kinds—cattle, beasts, and birds—in order to provoke the Lord. God looked upon the whole earth, and it was corrupt. All flesh, both humans and animals, had corrupted their ways. Every thought and intention of every person’s heart was only evil all the time.
Falling Action
Y: 505 | Lamech (Cain’s line) marries Adah and Zillah
Genesis 4:19, Jasher 2:17a
Lamech, the son of Methusael, became connected to Cainan by marriage and took Cainan’s 2 daughters, Adah and Zillah, as his wives.
Jabal and Jubal born
Genesis 4:20-21, Jasher 2:17b-18
Adah gave birth to Jabal. He became the father of those who live in tents and keep livestock. His brother was named Jubal, the father of all who play the harp and the organ.
Zillah, her sister, was barren during those days and had no children.
Some women become barren
Jasher 2:19-22
During that time, the sons of men began to disobey God and break the commandments He had given to Adam—to be fruitful and multiply on the earth. Some of the sons of men made their wives drink a potion that made them barren, so their figures wouldn’t change and their beauty wouldn’t fade. When the men gave this drink to some of their wives, Zillah drank it along with them. Child-bearing women became undesirable in the eyes of their husbands, treated like widows even though their husbands were still alive. The men gave their affection only to the barren women.
J: 13 | Y: 612-618 | Jared (Seth’s line) marries Baraka
Jubilees 4:16a
In the 11th jubilee, during the 4th week, Jared took a wife named Baraka. She was the daughter of Râsûjâl, who was a daughter of his father’s brother.
Y: 622 | Enoch (Seth’s line) is born
Genesis 5:18, Jasher 2:37b, Jubilees 4:16b
When Jared was 162 years old, he fathered Enoch during the 5th week, in the 4th year of that jubilee.
Resolution
J: 14 | Y: 662 | Enoch separates himself from others
Jasher 3:2
Enoch’s soul was immersed in the Lord’s instruction, in knowledge and understanding. With wisdom, he withdrew from the sons of men and lived in seclusion for many days.
This chart shows who was alive in the years 449-681.
Years with question marks are estimates.